Measurement of Impact of Jet on Flat Plate Vane and Hemispherical Cup lab report











Experiment Name: Measurement of Impact of Jet on Flat Plate Vane and Hemispherical Cup.


Introduction:
 Impact of jets apparatus enables experiments to be carried out on the reaction force produced on Vanes when a jet of water impacts on to the vane. The study of these reaction forces is an essential step in the subject of mechanics of fluids which can be applied to hydraulic machinery such as the Peloton wheel and the impulse turbine. The jet is directed on to the vanes of a turbine wheel, which is rotated by the force generated on the vanes due to the momentum change or impulse that taken position as the jet hit the vane. Water turbines working on this impulse principle have been constructed with outputs of the order of 100000 kW and with efficiencies greater than 90%.

Objectives:






  •  To determine the momentum experimentally through impact of jet experiment.
  •   To investigate the reaction force produced by the impact of a jet of water on to various target vanes.
  •  To examine the producing of mechanical work from fluid under pressure is to use the pressure to accelerate the fluid to a high velocity in a jet.

Theory:
The momentum equation based on Newton’s 2nd law of motion states that the algebraic sum of external forces applied to control volume of fluid in any direction equal to the rate of change of impetus of this direction. The outer forces include the element of the weight of the fluid and of the forces exerted outwardly upon the boundary surface of control volume. If a vertical water jet moving with velocity ‘V’ made to strike a target (Vane) which is free, to move in vertical direction, force will be exerted on the target by the impact of jet. Applying momentum equation in x- direction, force exerted by the jet on the vane. Consider a vane symmetrical about the x-axis as shown in Figure-1. A jet of fluid flowing at the rate of m kg/s along the x-axis with the velocity u0 (m/s) strikes the vane and is deflected by it through angle β, so that the fluid omit the vanes with the velocity U1(m/s) inclined at an angle β to the X-axis. Changes in elevation and in piezometric force in the jet from hitting the vanes to omit  are neglected.



Apparatus:
1. Impact of jet apparatus

2. Hydraulic bench

3. Stop watch


Procedure 
  • Write down the topical dimension area of the tank and diameter nozzle the diameter .
  •  When jet is not going, write down the place of the upper disc or plate.
  • Start water supply to the nozzle.
  • The jet hit the disc, the disc moves upward; now place the weight to take back the upper disc to its Origin place.
  • At this position find out the discharge and note down the weights placed above the disc.
  •  The time for 5L of water discharge were counted for every step with a stop watch.
  • The procedure is repeated for different values of flow rate by reducing the water supplying steps.

Data Collection:










































Comments

  1. UnknownSeptember 20, 2019 at 11:31 PM

    Your experiment is very important or helpful for us...... thanks

    ReplyDelete

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